Ellen R.M. DruffelProfessor, Earth System Science Adjunct Professor - Research Associate, IOD, Scripps, UCSD Co-Director, Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Adjunct Professor, Urban Water Research Center |
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Research Interests |
Changes in past ocean circulation and ventilation; sources and cycling of marine dissolved and particulate carbon using AMS | |
| URL | Druffel Lab website | |
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Academic Distinctions |
American Institute of Chemists Award, 1975 Macelwane Medal, AGU, 1990 Fellow of AGU and AAAS Hall of Fame, Loyola Marymount Univ. 2001 Ruth Patrick Award, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, 2004 UCI NSF Advance Chair, 2003-present |
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Research Abstract |
The goals of my research group are twofold. First, we aspire to understand why the 14C age of marine dissolved organic carbon is thousands of years old, despite our belief that most of it is produced recently in the surface ocean during photosynthesis. Second, how has circulation changed in the tropical Pacific during the past millennium? We use accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and preparative capillary gas chromatography (PCGC) to measure radiocarbon in samples as small as 2µg C. We study coral from the Pacific and Atlantic to reconstruct seasonal-to-annual records of isotopes that lend themselves well to reconstruction of past temperature, salinity and upwelling strength in surface waters. Recent doctoral graduate students in our group include Carrie Masiello (2000, now Professor at Rice University), Jeomshik Hwang (2004, now Professor at POSTECH, Pohang, Korea), Steve Beaupré (2007, now postdoc in our group) and Lori Ziolkowski (planning to graduate in 2009). |
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| Publications | Beaupré, S.R. and E.R.M. Druffel, (2009). Time series of marine dissolved organic carbon in the northeast Pacific Ocean, Deep-Sea Research, accepted. | |
| Ziolkowski, L. and E.R.M. Druffel, (2009). Detection of carbon nanotubes using the benzene polycarboxylic acid method, Marine Pollution Bulletin (in press) doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.04.018. | ||
| Hansman, R. S. Griffin, J. Watson, E. Druffel, A. Ingalls, A. Pearson, and A. Aluwihare, (2009). The radiocarbon signature of microorganisms in the mesopelagic ocean, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 106, 6513–6518. | ||
| Drenzek, Nicholas J., Konrad A. Hughen, Daniel B. Montluçon, John R. Southon, Guaciara M. dos Santos, Ellen R. M. Druffel, Liviu Giosan, and Timothy I. Eglinton (2009), A new look at old carbon in active margin sediments, Geology, 37, 239-242; doi 10.1130/G25351A.1. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/09%20Drenzek%20etal%20Geology.pdf | ||
| Druffel, E.R.M. and S. Griffin (2008). Daily variability of dissolved inorganic radiocarbon at three sites in the surface ocean, Marine Chemistry, 110, 185-189. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/08Druffel%20MC.pdf | ||
| Druffel, E.R.M., LF. Robinson, S. Griffin, R. Halley, J. Southon and J.F. Adkins (2008). Low reservoir ages for the surface ocean from mid-Holocene Florida corals, Paleoceanography, doi:10.1029/2007PA001527. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/07Druffel%20Paleoceanography.pdf | ||
| Druffel, E.R.M., J.E. Bauer, S. Griffin, * S.R. Beaupré, * J. Hwang (2008). Dissolved inorganic radiocarbon in the North Pacific Ocean and Sargasso Sea, Deep-Sea Research I, 55 (4), 451-459. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2007.12.007 https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/08Druffel%20DSR.pdf | ||
| Beaupre, S.R., E.R.M. Druffel and S. Griffin (2007). A low-blank photochemical extraction system for concentration and isotopic analyses of marine dissolved organic carbon, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 5, 174-184. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/07Beaupre%20LO_Methods.pdf | ||
| K. McDuffee and E.R.M. Druffel, (2007). Daily variability of dissolved inorganic radiocarbon in Sargasso Sea surface water, Marine Chemistry, 106, 513-518. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/07McDuffeeMC.pdf | ||
| Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, S. R. Beaupré and R. B. Dunbar (2007) Oceanic climate and circulation changes during the past four centuries from radiocarbon in corals, Geophysical Research Letters, 34, doi:10.1029/2006GL028681. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/07Druffel%20GRL.pdf | ||
| Santos, G.M., J.R. Southon, S. Griffin, * S.R. Beaupré and E.R.M. Druffel (2007). Ultra small-mass 14C-AMS sample preparation and analyses at KCCAMS Facility, Nuclear Instrumentation and Methods in Physics Research B, 259, 293-302. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/07Santos%20NIMB.pdf | ||
| Hwang, J. and E.R.M. Druffel, (2006) Carbon isotope ratios of organic compound fractions in oceanic suspended particles, Geophysical Research Letters, 33, L23610, doi:10.1029/2006GL027928. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/06Hwang%20GRL.pdf | ||
| Hwang, J. and E. R. M. Druffel, Timothy I. Eglinton, and Daniel J. Repeta (2006), Source(s) and cycling of the nonhydrolyzable organic fraction of oceanic particles, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 2006, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2006.07.020. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/06Hwang%20GCA.pdf | ||
| Ingalls, Anitra E., Sunita R. Shah, Roberta L. Hansman, Lihini I. Aluwihare, Guaciara M. Santos, Ellen R. M. Druffel, Ann Pearson (2006) Quantifying archaeal community autotrophy in the mesopelagic ocean using natural radiocarbon, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103 (17), 6442-6447. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/06Ingalls%20PNAS.pdf | ||
| Hwang, J., E.R.M. Druffel, and J.E. Bauer (2006), Incorporation of aged dissolved organic carbon (DOC) onto oceanic particulate organic carbon (POC): an experimental approach using carbon isotopes, Marine Chemistry, 98, 315-322. https://webfiles.uci.edu/edruffel/DruffelPubs/06Hwang%20MarChem.pdf | ||
| Surface Temperature Reconstruction for the Last 2,000 Years (2006), National Research Council, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Division on Earth and Life Studies, fermat.nap.edu/catalog/11676.html. | ||
| Grants | NSF, Chemical Oceanography, Earth System History and MRI | |
| Jenkins Foundation | ||
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Professional Society |
AAAS, AGU, ASLO, GSA, TOS, UCS, ACS |
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| Other Experience |
Scientist Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 1981—1993 |
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Visiting Scholar University of California, Santa Cruz 1987—1988 |
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| Research Centers | IGPP | |
| W. M. Keck Carbon Cycle Acceleratory Mass Spectrometry Laboratory | ||
| UCI Urban Water Research Center | ||
| Link to this profile | http://www.faculty.uci.edu/profile.cfm?faculty_id=2027 | |
| Last updated | 02/22/2010 | |